Product Description
| Product Name | Cardan Shaft |
| Product Model | SWC-I75A-335+40 |
| Main Material | 35CrMo or 45# Steel |
| Nominal Torque | 500 N.M |
| Normal Length | 335 mm |
| Length Compensation | 40 mm |
Can Shaft Couplings Compensate for Angular, Parallel, and Axial Misalignments?
Yes, shaft couplings are designed to compensate for different types of misalignments between rotating shafts in mechanical power transmission systems. They can handle the following types of misalignments:
- Angular Misalignment: This occurs when the shafts are not parallel and have an angle between them. Flexible couplings, such as elastomeric, beam, or Oldham couplings, can accommodate angular misalignments by allowing slight angular movement between the shafts while transmitting torque.
- Parallel Misalignment: This happens when the shafts are not collinear, resulting in axial displacement. Flexible couplings with lateral flexibility, like elastomeric or bellows couplings, can handle parallel misalignment by allowing limited lateral movement between the shafts.
- Radial Misalignment: Radial misalignment occurs when the shafts have lateral displacement but remain parallel. Flexible couplings, such as jaw or grid couplings, can absorb radial misalignment by permitting some lateral deflection while transmitting torque.
It is essential to note that while shaft couplings can compensate for misalignments to some extent, they do have their limits. The magnitude of misalignment they can handle depends on the type and design of the coupling. Exceeding the specified misalignment capabilities of a coupling can lead to premature wear, reduced efficiency, and possible coupling failure.
Therefore, when selecting a shaft coupling for an application, it is crucial to consider the expected misalignment and choose a coupling that can accommodate the anticipated misalignment range. Additionally, maintaining proper alignment through regular maintenance and periodic inspections is essential to ensure the coupling’s optimal performance and extend its service life.
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Can Shaft Couplings Handle Reversing Loads and Shock Loads Effectively?
Yes, shaft couplings are designed to handle both reversing loads and shock loads effectively, but the capability depends on the specific type of coupling and its design.
Reversing Loads:
Many shaft couplings, such as elastomeric couplings, gear couplings, and grid couplings, can handle reversing loads without any issue. Reversing loads occur when the direction of the torque changes periodically, causing the shafts to rotate in opposite directions. The flexibility of elastomeric couplings and the sturdy design of gear and grid couplings allow them to accommodate these reversing loads while maintaining reliable torque transmission.
Shock Loads:
Shock loads are sudden and high-magnitude forces that occur during start-up, sudden stops, or impact events. Shaft couplings with shock-absorbing features, such as elastomeric couplings and grid couplings, excel at handling shock loads. The elastomeric material in elastomeric couplings and the grid element in grid couplings act as shock absorbers, reducing the impact on the connected equipment and minimizing the risk of damage to the coupling itself.
It’s essential to select the appropriate coupling type based on the specific application’s requirements, including the magnitude and frequency of reversing loads and shock loads. Some couplings may have limitations on the amount of shock load they can handle, so it’s crucial to refer to the manufacturer’s specifications and guidelines for proper coupling selection.
In heavy-duty applications with high reversing loads and shock loads, it may be necessary to consider specialized couplings designed explicitly for such conditions, like disc couplings or fluid couplings, which can offer even better performance in handling these challenging load conditions.
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How Does a Flexible Shaft Coupling Differ from a Rigid Shaft Coupling?
Flexible shaft couplings and rigid shaft couplings are two distinct types of couplings, each designed to serve different purposes in mechanical power transmission. Here are the key differences between the two:
1. Flexibility:
The most significant difference between flexible and rigid shaft couplings is their flexibility. Flexible couplings are designed with elements that can deform or flex to accommodate misalignments between the shafts. This flexibility allows for angular, parallel, and axial misalignments, making them suitable for applications where shafts are not perfectly aligned. In contrast, rigid couplings do not have this flexibility and require precise alignment between the shafts.
2. Misalignment Compensation:
Flexible couplings excel in compensating for misalignments, making them ideal for applications with dynamic conditions or those prone to misalignment due to thermal expansion or vibrations. Rigid couplings, on the other hand, are used in applications where perfect alignment is critical to prevent vibration, wear, and premature failure.
3. Damping Properties:
Flexible couplings, particularly those with elastomeric or flexible elements, offer damping properties, meaning they can absorb and reduce shocks and vibrations. This damping capability helps protect the connected equipment from damage and enhances system reliability. Rigid couplings lack this damping ability and can transmit shocks and vibrations directly between shafts.
4. Torque Transmission:
Both flexible and rigid couplings are capable of transmitting torque from the driving shaft to the driven shaft. However, the torque transmission of flexible couplings can be limited compared to rigid couplings, especially in high-torque applications.
5. Types of Applications:
Flexible couplings find applications in a wide range of industries, especially in situations where misalignment compensation, vibration damping, and shock absorption are essential. They are commonly used in conveyors, pumps, compressors, printing presses, and automation systems. Rigid couplings are used in precision machinery and applications that demand perfect alignment, such as high-speed spindles and certain types of precision equipment.
6. Installation:
Flexible couplings are relatively easier to install due to their ability to accommodate misalignment. On the other hand, rigid couplings require careful alignment during installation to ensure proper functioning and prevent premature wear.
The choice between a flexible and a rigid shaft coupling depends on the specific requirements of the application. If misalignment compensation, damping, and flexibility are critical, a flexible coupling is the preferred choice. If precision alignment and direct torque transmission are essential, a rigid coupling is more suitable.
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editor by CX 2023-09-14
China factory Stainless Steel Coupling Gear Rigid Roller Chain Fluid Tyre Grid Jaw Spider HRC Nm Motor Flange Gear Pump Rubber Spline Shaft Flexible Universal Joint Coupling
Product Description
Stainless Steel Coupling Gear Rigid Roller Chain Fluid Tyre Grid Jaw Spider HRC Nm Motor Flange Gear Pump Rubber Spline Shaft Flexible Universal Joint Coupling
Product Description
Main products
Coupling refers to a device that connects 2 shafts or shafts and rotating parts, rotates together during the transmission of motion and power, and does not disengage under normal conditions. Sometimes it is also used as a safety device to prevent the connected parts from bearing excessive load, which plays the role of overload protection.
Couplings can be divided into rigid couplings and flexible couplings.
Rigid couplings do not have buffering property and the ability to compensate the relative displacement of 2 axes. It is required that the 2 axes be strictly aligned. However, such couplings are simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost, convenient in assembly and disassembly, and maintenance, which can ensure that the 2 axes are relatively neutral, have large transmission torque, and are widely used. Commonly used are flange coupling, sleeve coupling and jacket coupling.
Flexible coupling can also be divided into flexible coupling without elastic element and flexible coupling with elastic element. The former type only has the ability to compensate the relative displacement of 2 axes, but cannot cushion and reduce vibration. Common types include slider coupling, gear coupling, universal coupling and chain coupling; The latter type contains elastic elements. In addition to the ability to compensate the relative displacement of 2 axes, it also has the functions of buffering and vibration reduction. However, due to the strength of elastic elements, the transmitted torque is generally inferior to that of flexible couplings without elastic elements. Common types include elastic sleeve pin couplings, elastic pin couplings, quincunx couplings, tire type couplings, serpentine spring couplings, spring couplings, etc
Coupling performance
1) Mobility. The movability of the coupling refers to the ability to compensate the relative displacement of 2 rotating components. Factors such as manufacturing and installation errors between connected components, temperature changes during operation and deformation under load all put CZPT requirements for mobility. The movable performance compensates or alleviates the additional load between shafts, bearings, couplings and other components caused by the relative displacement between rotating components.
(2) Buffering. For the occasions where the load is often started or the working load changes, the coupling shall be equipped with elastic elements that play the role of cushioning and vibration reduction to protect the prime mover and the working machine from little or no damage.
(3) Safe, reliable, with sufficient strength and service life.
(4) Simple structure, easy to assemble, disassemble and maintain.
How to select the appropriate coupling type
The following items should be considered when selecting the coupling type.
1. The size and nature of the required transmission torque, the requirements for buffering and damping functions, and whether resonance may occur.
2. The relative displacement of the axes of the 2 shafts is caused by manufacturing and assembly errors, shaft load and thermal expansion deformation, and relative movement between components.
3. Permissible overall dimensions and installation methods, and necessary operating space for assembly, adjustment and maintenance. For large couplings, they should be able to be disassembled without axial movement of the shaft.
In addition, the working environment, service life, lubrication, sealing, economy and other conditions should also be considered, and a suitable coupling type should be selected by referring to the characteristics of various couplings.
If you cannot determine the type, you can contact our professional engineer
Related products
Company Profile
Our Equipments
Main production equipment:
Large lathe, surface grinder, milling machine, gear shaper, spline milling machine, horizontal broaching machine, gear hobbing machine, shaper, slotting machine, bench drilling machine, radial drilling machine, boring machine, band sawing machine, horizontal lathe, end milling machine, crankshaft grinder, CNC milling machine, casting equipment, etc.
Inspection equipment:
Dynamic balance tester, high-speed intelligent carbon and sulfur analyzer, Blochon optical hardness tester, Leeb hardness tester, magnetic yoke flaw detector, special detection, modular fixture (self-made), etc.
Machining equipments
Heat equipment
Our Factory
Application – Photos from our partner customers
Company Profile
Our leading products are mechanical transmission basic parts – couplings, mainly including universal couplings, drum gear couplings, elastic couplings and other 3 categories of more than 30 series of varieties. It is widely used in metallurgical steel rolling, wind power, hydropower, mining, engineering machinery, petrochemical, lifting, paper making, rubber, rail transit, shipbuilding and marine engineering and other industries.
Our factory takes the basic parts of national standards as the benchmark, has more than 40 years of coupling production experience, takes “scientific management, pioneering and innovation, ensuring quality and customer satisfaction” as the quality policy, and aims to continuously provide users with satisfactory products and services. The production is guided by reasonable process, and the ISO9001:2015 quality management system standard is strictly implemented. We adhere to the principle of continuous improvement and innovation of coupling products. In recent years, it has successfully developed 10 national patent products such as SWF cross shaft universal coupling, among which the double cross shaft universal joint has won the national invention patent, SWF cross shaft universal coupling has won the new product award of China’s general mechanical parts coupling industry and the ZHangZhoug Province new product science and technology project.
Our factory has strong technical force, excellent process equipment, complete professional production equipment, perfect detection means, excellent after-sales service, various products and complete specifications. At the same time, we can provide the design and manufacturing of special non-standard products according to the needs of users. Our products sell well at home and abroad, and are trusted by the majority of users. We sincerely welcome friends from all walks of life at home and abroad to visit and negotiate for common development.p
Can rigid shaft couplings operate in high-temperature or corrosive environments?
Rigid shaft couplings can be designed and manufactured using materials that are suitable for high-temperature or corrosive environments. Common materials used for such applications include stainless steel, nickel alloys, and other corrosion-resistant materials. These materials can withstand elevated temperatures and resist the effects of corrosive substances. When selecting a rigid shaft coupling for high-temperature or corrosive environments, it is essential to consider factors such as the operating temperature range, the specific corrosive substances present, and the overall environmental conditions. Additionally, proper lubrication and maintenance are crucial to ensuring the longevity and optimal performance of rigid couplings in these demanding environments. It is essential to consult with coupling manufacturers or suppliers who specialize in providing solutions for high-temperature or corrosive applications. They can help identify the appropriate materials and designs that will meet the specific requirements of the intended environment.
Can rigid shaft couplings be used for shafts with different rotational speeds and directions?
Rigid shaft couplings are typically designed for applications where the connected shafts have the same rotational speed and direction. They are not well-suited for scenarios involving significant speed differences or reverse rotation between shafts. The limitations arise from the coupling’s rigid construction, which does not allow for the compensation of speed differentials or changes in direction.
When shafts have different rotational speeds or need to rotate in opposite directions, it can result in uneven loading, increased wear, vibrations, and even coupling failure. Rigid couplings lack the flexibility required to accommodate the variations in speed and direction, which can lead to undesirable consequences in the system.
If your application involves shafts with varying speeds or reverse rotation, it’s recommended to explore flexible coupling options. Flexible couplings, such as gear couplings, elastomeric couplings, or universal joints, are designed to handle these situations by providing a degree of angular and radial flexibility. These couplings can help distribute the loads more evenly, reduce vibrations, and compensate for speed differences, ultimately contributing to smoother and more reliable operation.
It’s essential to accurately assess the requirements of your application and choose the appropriate coupling type based on the specific operational conditions. If there are varying speeds or reverse rotation involved, opting for flexible couplings designed for such scenarios will help ensure the longevity, efficiency, and performance of your machinery.
What is a Rigid Shaft Coupling and How Does It Work in Mechanical Systems?
A rigid shaft coupling is a type of coupling used to connect two shafts together in a mechanical system. As the name suggests, it is designed to provide a rigid and solid connection between the shafts, without any flexibility or misalignment compensation.
The primary function of a rigid shaft coupling is to transmit torque from one shaft to another efficiently and with minimal backlash. It achieves this by directly connecting the two shafts using a rigid mechanical interface.
Rigid shaft couplings typically consist of two halves with flanges that are bolted or clamped together around the shaft ends. The flanges are precision machined to ensure accurate alignment of the shafts. Some common types of rigid shaft couplings include:
- Sleeve Couplings: These are the simplest type of rigid couplings and consist of a cylindrical sleeve with a bore that fits over the shaft ends. The two shafts are aligned and then secured together using screws or pins.
- Clamp or Split Couplings: These couplings have two halves that are split and bolted together around the shafts. The split design allows for easy installation and removal without the need to disassemble other components of the system.
- Flanged Couplings: Flanged couplings have two flanges with precision machined faces that are bolted together, providing a robust connection.
- Tapered Bushing Couplings: These couplings use a tapered bushing to lock the coupling onto the shafts, creating a secure and concentric connection.
Rigid shaft couplings are commonly used in applications where precise alignment is critical, such as in high-speed machinery, precision instruments, and power transmission systems. Since they do not have any flexibility, they are best suited for applications where shaft misalignment is minimal or can be controlled through accurate alignment during installation.
One of the main advantages of rigid shaft couplings is their ability to provide a direct and efficient transfer of torque, making them suitable for high-torque and high-speed applications. Additionally, their simple design and solid connection make them easy to install and maintain.
However, it’s essential to ensure proper alignment during installation to prevent premature wear and stress on the shafts and other components. In cases where misalignment is expected or unavoidable, flexible couplings like beam couplings, bellows couplings, or jaw couplings are more appropriate, as they can compensate for small misalignments and provide some degree of shock absorption.
editor by CX 2023-09-12
China Best Sales Stainless Steel Coupling Gear Rigid Roller Chain Fluid Tyre Grid Jaw Spider HRC Nm Motor Flange Gear Pump Rubber Spline Shaft Flexible Universal Joint Coupling
Product Description
Stainless Steel Coupling Gear Rigid Roller Chain Fluid Tyre Grid Jaw Spider HRC Nm Motor Flange Gear Pump Rubber Spline Shaft Flexible Universal Joint Coupling
Product Description
Main products
Coupling refers to a device that connects 2 shafts or shafts and rotating parts, rotates together during the transmission of motion and power, and does not disengage under normal conditions. Sometimes it is also used as a safety device to prevent the connected parts from bearing excessive load, which plays the role of overload protection.
Couplings can be divided into rigid couplings and flexible couplings.
Rigid couplings do not have buffering property and the ability to compensate the relative displacement of 2 axes. It is required that the 2 axes be strictly aligned. However, such couplings are simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost, convenient in assembly and disassembly, and maintenance, which can ensure that the 2 axes are relatively neutral, have large transmission torque, and are widely used. Commonly used are flange coupling, sleeve coupling and jacket coupling.
Flexible coupling can also be divided into flexible coupling without elastic element and flexible coupling with elastic element. The former type only has the ability to compensate the relative displacement of 2 axes, but cannot cushion and reduce vibration. Common types include slider coupling, gear coupling, universal coupling and chain coupling; The latter type contains elastic elements. In addition to the ability to compensate the relative displacement of 2 axes, it also has the functions of buffering and vibration reduction. However, due to the strength of elastic elements, the transmitted torque is generally inferior to that of flexible couplings without elastic elements. Common types include elastic sleeve pin couplings, elastic pin couplings, quincunx couplings, tire type couplings, serpentine spring couplings, spring couplings, etc
Coupling performance
1) Mobility. The movability of the coupling refers to the ability to compensate the relative displacement of 2 rotating components. Factors such as manufacturing and installation errors between connected components, temperature changes during operation and deformation under load all put CZPT requirements for mobility. The movable performance compensates or alleviates the additional load between shafts, bearings, couplings and other components caused by the relative displacement between rotating components.
(2) Buffering. For the occasions where the load is often started or the working load changes, the coupling shall be equipped with elastic elements that play the role of cushioning and vibration reduction to protect the prime mover and the working machine from little or no damage.
(3) Safe, reliable, with sufficient strength and service life.
(4) Simple structure, easy to assemble, disassemble and maintain.
How to select the appropriate coupling type
The following items should be considered when selecting the coupling type.
1. The size and nature of the required transmission torque, the requirements for buffering and damping functions, and whether resonance may occur.
2. The relative displacement of the axes of the 2 shafts is caused by manufacturing and assembly errors, shaft load and thermal expansion deformation, and relative movement between components.
3. Permissible overall dimensions and installation methods, and necessary operating space for assembly, adjustment and maintenance. For large couplings, they should be able to be disassembled without axial movement of the shaft.
In addition, the working environment, service life, lubrication, sealing, economy and other conditions should also be considered, and a suitable coupling type should be selected by referring to the characteristics of various couplings.
If you cannot determine the type, you can contact our professional engineer
Related products
Company Profile
Our Equipments
Main production equipment:
Large lathe, surface grinder, milling machine, gear shaper, spline milling machine, horizontal broaching machine, gear hobbing machine, shaper, slotting machine, bench drilling machine, radial drilling machine, boring machine, band sawing machine, horizontal lathe, end milling machine, crankshaft grinder, CNC milling machine, casting equipment, etc.
Inspection equipment:
Dynamic balance tester, high-speed intelligent carbon and sulfur analyzer, Blochon optical hardness tester, Leeb hardness tester, magnetic yoke flaw detector, special detection, modular fixture (self-made), etc.
Machining equipments
Heat equipment
Our Factory
Application – Photos from our partner customers
Company Profile
Our leading products are mechanical transmission basic parts – couplings, mainly including universal couplings, drum gear couplings, elastic couplings and other 3 categories of more than 30 series of varieties. It is widely used in metallurgical steel rolling, wind power, hydropower, mining, engineering machinery, petrochemical, lifting, paper making, rubber, rail transit, shipbuilding and marine engineering and other industries.
Our factory takes the basic parts of national standards as the benchmark, has more than 40 years of coupling production experience, takes “scientific management, pioneering and innovation, ensuring quality and customer satisfaction” as the quality policy, and aims to continuously provide users with satisfactory products and services. The production is guided by reasonable process, and the ISO9001:2015 quality management system standard is strictly implemented. We adhere to the principle of continuous improvement and innovation of coupling products. In recent years, it has successfully developed 10 national patent products such as SWF cross shaft universal coupling, among which the double cross shaft universal joint has won the national invention patent, SWF cross shaft universal coupling has won the new product award of China’s general mechanical parts coupling industry and the ZHangZhoug Province new product science and technology project.
Our factory has strong technical force, excellent process equipment, complete professional production equipment, perfect detection means, excellent after-sales service, various products and complete specifications. At the same time, we can provide the design and manufacturing of special non-standard products according to the needs of users. Our products sell well at home and abroad, and are trusted by the majority of users. We sincerely welcome friends from all walks of life at home and abroad to visit and negotiate for common development.p
Are There Any Safety Considerations When Using Rigid Couplings in Rotating Machinery?
Yes, there are several safety considerations to keep in mind when using rigid couplings in rotating machinery. While rigid couplings offer various advantages, their use in certain applications requires careful attention to safety measures to prevent accidents and equipment damage. Here are some important safety considerations:
– Secure Installation: Proper installation of rigid couplings is crucial to ensure safety. The coupling must be securely mounted and aligned with the shafts to prevent any slippage or disengagement during operation. Use of appropriate mounting hardware, such as high-strength bolts, is essential to maintain the coupling’s integrity under high-speed and high-torque conditions.
– Shaft Alignment: Accurate shaft alignment is necessary to avoid excessive forces and stress on the connected machinery. Misaligned shafts can lead to uneven loading and increased wear on bearings and other components. Regularly inspect and maintain the shaft alignment to prevent premature failures.
– Preventing Over-Torquing: Applying excessive torque during the installation of rigid couplings can lead to equipment damage and compromise safety. Follow the manufacturer’s torque specifications and use torque-limiting tools to prevent over-torquing and potential failures.
– Protective Guards: In some applications, rotating machinery with rigid couplings may pose a safety hazard to personnel working nearby. Install appropriate protective guards and covers to prevent accidental contact with rotating shafts, minimizing the risk of injury.
– Regular Maintenance: Implement a routine maintenance schedule to inspect the rigid couplings and associated equipment. Check for signs of wear, fatigue, or cracks. Address any issues promptly to avoid potential catastrophic failures.
– Operational Speed Limits: Be aware of the operational speed limits specified by the manufacturer for the rigid couplings. Exceeding these limits can result in significant stress and fatigue on the coupling, leading to failure.
– Appropriate Coupling Selection: Choose the appropriate type and size of rigid coupling for the specific application. Using an undersized coupling can lead to excessive loads and potential failure, while an oversized coupling may not efficiently transmit torque.
– Temperature Considerations: Rigid couplings can experience temperature variations during operation. Ensure that the material and design of the coupling are suitable for the anticipated temperature range of the application to maintain safety and performance.
– Training and Awareness: Provide proper training to personnel working with rotating machinery equipped with rigid couplings. Ensure they are aware of safety procedures and potential hazards associated with the equipment.
Adhering to these safety considerations will help ensure the safe and reliable operation of rotating machinery equipped with rigid couplings. Regular maintenance, correct installation, and diligent attention to safety guidelines will minimize risks and contribute to a safe working environment.
How Does a Rigid Coupling Handle Angular, Parallel, and Axial Misalignment?
Rigid couplings are designed to provide a fixed and rigid connection between two shafts. As such, they do not have any built-in flexibility to accommodate misalignment. Therefore, when using a rigid coupling, it is essential to ensure proper shaft alignment to avoid excessive forces and premature wear on connected equipment.
Angular Misalignment: Angular misalignment occurs when the axes of the two shafts are not collinear and form an angle with each other. Rigid couplings cannot compensate for angular misalignment, and any angular misalignment should be minimized during installation. Precision alignment techniques, such as laser alignment tools, are often used to achieve accurate angular alignment.
Parallel Misalignment: Parallel misalignment, also known as offset misalignment, happens when the axes of the two shafts are parallel but have a lateral displacement from each other. Rigid couplings cannot accommodate parallel misalignment. Therefore, precise alignment is crucial to prevent binding and excessive forces on the shafts and bearings.
Axial Misalignment: Axial misalignment occurs when the two shafts have an axial (longitudinal) displacement from each other. Rigid couplings cannot address axial misalignment. To prevent thrust loads and additional stresses on bearings, it is essential to align the shafts axially during installation.
In summary, rigid couplings are unforgiving to misalignment and require precise alignment during installation. Any misalignment in a rigid coupling can lead to increased wear, premature failure of components, and reduced overall system efficiency. Therefore, it is crucial to use appropriate alignment techniques and tools to ensure optimal performance and longevity of the connected equipment.
Limitations and Disadvantages of Using Rigid Couplings:
Rigid couplings offer several advantages in providing a strong and direct connection between shafts, but they also have certain limitations and disadvantages that should be considered in certain applications:
- No Misalignment Compensation: Rigid couplings are designed to provide a fixed connection with no allowance for misalignment between shafts. As a result, any misalignment, even if slight, can lead to increased stress on connected components and cause premature wear or failure.
- Transmit Shock and Vibration: Rigid couplings do not have any damping or vibration-absorbing properties, which means they can transmit shock and vibration directly from one shaft to another. In high-speed or heavy-duty applications, this can lead to increased wear on bearings and other components.
- No Torque Compensation: Unlike flexible couplings, rigid couplings cannot compensate for torque fluctuations or angular displacement between shafts. This lack of flexibility may not be suitable for systems with varying loads or torque requirements.
- Higher Stress Concentration: Rigid couplings can create higher stress concentration at the points of connection due to their inflexibility. This can be a concern in applications with high torque or when using materials with lower fatigue strength.
- More Challenging Installation: Rigid couplings require precise alignment during installation, which can be more challenging and time-consuming compared to flexible couplings that can tolerate some misalignment.
- Increased Wear: The absence of misalignment compensation and vibration absorption can lead to increased wear on connected components, such as bearings, shafts, and seals.
- Not Suitable for High Misalignment: While some rigid couplings have limited ability to accommodate minor misalignment, they are not suitable for applications with significant misalignment, which could lead to premature failure.
Despite these limitations, rigid couplings are still widely used in many applications where precise alignment and a strong, permanent connection are required. However, in systems with significant misalignment, vibration, or shock loads, flexible couplings may be a more suitable choice to protect the connected components and improve overall system performance and longevity.
editor by CX 2023-09-08
China Standard Stainless Steel Coupling Gear Rigid Roller Chain Fluid Tyre Grid Jaw Spider HRC Nm Motor Flange Gear Pump Rubber Spline Shaft Flexible Universal Joint Coupling
Product Description
Stainless Steel Coupling Gear Rigid Roller Chain Fluid Tyre Grid Jaw Spider HRC Nm Motor Flange Gear Pump Rubber Spline Shaft Flexible Universal Joint Coupling
Product Description
Main products
Coupling refers to a device that connects 2 shafts or shafts and rotating parts, rotates together during the transmission of motion and power, and does not disengage under normal conditions. Sometimes it is also used as a safety device to prevent the connected parts from bearing excessive load, which plays the role of overload protection.
Couplings can be divided into rigid couplings and flexible couplings.
Rigid couplings do not have buffering property and the ability to compensate the relative displacement of 2 axes. It is required that the 2 axes be strictly aligned. However, such couplings are simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost, convenient in assembly and disassembly, and maintenance, which can ensure that the 2 axes are relatively neutral, have large transmission torque, and are widely used. Commonly used are flange coupling, sleeve coupling and jacket coupling.
Flexible coupling can also be divided into flexible coupling without elastic element and flexible coupling with elastic element. The former type only has the ability to compensate the relative displacement of 2 axes, but cannot cushion and reduce vibration. Common types include slider coupling, gear coupling, universal coupling and chain coupling; The latter type contains elastic elements. In addition to the ability to compensate the relative displacement of 2 axes, it also has the functions of buffering and vibration reduction. However, due to the strength of elastic elements, the transmitted torque is generally inferior to that of flexible couplings without elastic elements. Common types include elastic sleeve pin couplings, elastic pin couplings, quincunx couplings, tire type couplings, serpentine spring couplings, spring couplings, etc
Coupling performance
1) Mobility. The movability of the coupling refers to the ability to compensate the relative displacement of 2 rotating components. Factors such as manufacturing and installation errors between connected components, temperature changes during operation and deformation under load all put CZPT requirements for mobility. The movable performance compensates or alleviates the additional load between shafts, bearings, couplings and other components caused by the relative displacement between rotating components.
(2) Buffering. For the occasions where the load is often started or the working load changes, the coupling shall be equipped with elastic elements that play the role of cushioning and vibration reduction to protect the prime mover and the working machine from little or no damage.
(3) Safe, reliable, with sufficient strength and service life.
(4) Simple structure, easy to assemble, disassemble and maintain.
How to select the appropriate coupling type
The following items should be considered when selecting the coupling type.
1. The size and nature of the required transmission torque, the requirements for buffering and damping functions, and whether resonance may occur.
2. The relative displacement of the axes of the 2 shafts is caused by manufacturing and assembly errors, shaft load and thermal expansion deformation, and relative movement between components.
3. Permissible overall dimensions and installation methods, and necessary operating space for assembly, adjustment and maintenance. For large couplings, they should be able to be disassembled without axial movement of the shaft.
In addition, the working environment, service life, lubrication, sealing, economy and other conditions should also be considered, and a suitable coupling type should be selected by referring to the characteristics of various couplings.
If you cannot determine the type, you can contact our professional engineer
Related products
Company Profile
Our Equipments
Main production equipment:
Large lathe, surface grinder, milling machine, gear shaper, spline milling machine, horizontal broaching machine, gear hobbing machine, shaper, slotting machine, bench drilling machine, radial drilling machine, boring machine, band sawing machine, horizontal lathe, end milling machine, crankshaft grinder, CNC milling machine, casting equipment, etc.
Inspection equipment:
Dynamic balance tester, high-speed intelligent carbon and sulfur analyzer, Blochon optical hardness tester, Leeb hardness tester, magnetic yoke flaw detector, special detection, modular fixture (self-made), etc.
Machining equipments
Heat equipment
Our Factory
Application – Photos from our partner customers
Company Profile
Our leading products are mechanical transmission basic parts – couplings, mainly including universal couplings, drum gear couplings, elastic couplings and other 3 categories of more than 30 series of varieties. It is widely used in metallurgical steel rolling, wind power, hydropower, mining, engineering machinery, petrochemical, lifting, paper making, rubber, rail transit, shipbuilding and marine engineering and other industries.
Our factory takes the basic parts of national standards as the benchmark, has more than 40 years of coupling production experience, takes “scientific management, pioneering and innovation, ensuring quality and customer satisfaction” as the quality policy, and aims to continuously provide users with satisfactory products and services. The production is guided by reasonable process, and the ISO9001:2015 quality management system standard is strictly implemented. We adhere to the principle of continuous improvement and innovation of coupling products. In recent years, it has successfully developed 10 national patent products such as SWF cross shaft universal coupling, among which the double cross shaft universal joint has won the national invention patent, SWF cross shaft universal coupling has won the new product award of China’s general mechanical parts coupling industry and the ZHangZhoug Province new product science and technology project.
Our factory has strong technical force, excellent process equipment, complete professional production equipment, perfect detection means, excellent after-sales service, various products and complete specifications. At the same time, we can provide the design and manufacturing of special non-standard products according to the needs of users. Our products sell well at home and abroad, and are trusted by the majority of users. We sincerely welcome friends from all walks of life at home and abroad to visit and negotiate for common development.p
Exploring the Use of Elastomeric Materials in Flexible Shaft Couplings
Elastomeric materials play a crucial role in the design and function of flexible shaft couplings. These materials, commonly known as elastomers, are rubber-like substances that exhibit high elasticity and flexibility. They are widely used in various types of flexible couplings due to their unique properties and benefits:
1. Damping and Vibration Absorption:
Elastomeric materials have excellent damping characteristics, meaning they can absorb and dissipate vibrations and shocks. This property is particularly useful in applications where vibration control is essential to protect sensitive equipment and improve overall system performance.
2. Misalignment Compensation:
Flexible shaft couplings with elastomeric elements can accommodate different types of misalignments, including angular, parallel, and radial misalignments. The elasticity of the material allows for limited movement between the shafts while still transmitting torque efficiently.
3. Torsional Flexibility:
Elastomers offer torsional flexibility, which allows them to twist and deform under torque loads. This feature helps to minimize torsional stresses and torsional backlash, making them suitable for applications requiring precise motion control.
4. Shock and Impact Resistance:
Due to their high resilience, elastomers can withstand sudden shocks and impacts without permanent deformation. This property makes them ideal for use in machinery subjected to varying loads or rapid changes in torque.
5. No Lubrication Requirement:
Elastomeric couplings are often maintenance-free because the elastomer material does not require additional lubrication. This reduces maintenance costs and simplifies the overall system upkeep.
6. Electric Isolation:
In certain applications, elastomeric materials can provide electrical isolation between the driving and driven components. This can help prevent the transmission of electrical currents or static charges through the coupling.
7. Corrosion Resistance:
Many elastomers used in couplings are resistant to corrosion, making them suitable for use in challenging environments where exposure to chemicals or moisture is a concern.
8. Easy Installation:
Elastomeric couplings are often designed for ease of installation and replacement. Their flexibility allows for simple and quick assembly onto the shafts without the need for special tools or complex procedures.
Given these advantages, elastomeric materials are popular choices for various flexible shaft couplings, including jaw couplings, tire couplings, and spider couplings. However, it is essential to select the right elastomer material based on the specific application requirements, such as temperature range, chemical compatibility, and torque capacity.
“`
Explaining the Concept of Backlash and How It Affects Shaft Coupling Performance
Backlash is the angular movement or play between the mating components of a mechanical system when the direction of motion is reversed. In the context of shaft couplings, backlash refers to the free rotational movement between the connected shafts before the coupling transmits torque from one shaft to the other.
Backlash occurs in certain coupling designs that have features allowing relative movement between the coupling’s mating parts. Common coupling types that may exhibit some degree of backlash include elastomeric couplings (such as jaw couplings), gear couplings, and Oldham couplings.
How Backlash Affects Shaft Coupling Performance:
1. Loss of Precision: In applications requiring precise motion control, backlash can lead to inaccuracies and reduced positional accuracy. For example, in CNC machines or robotics, any rotational play due to backlash can result in positioning errors and decreased machining or movement precision.
2. Reversal Impact: When a reversing load is applied to a coupling, the presence of backlash can lead to a brief period of rotational play before the coupling re-engages, causing a momentary jolt or impact. This impact can lead to increased stress on the coupling and connected components, potentially reducing their lifespan.
3. Dynamic Response: Backlash can affect the dynamic response of the mechanical system. In systems requiring rapid acceleration or deceleration, the initial play due to backlash may create a delay in torque transmission, affecting the system’s responsiveness.
4. Noise and Vibration: Backlash can cause noise and vibration in the system, leading to increased wear and potential fatigue failure of components.
5. Misalignment Compensation: In some flexible coupling designs, a certain amount of backlash is intentionally incorporated to allow for misalignment compensation. While this is a beneficial feature, excessive backlash can compromise the coupling’s performance.
Minimizing Backlash:
Manufacturers often design couplings with specific features to minimize backlash. For instance, some gear couplings employ crowned gear teeth to reduce clearance, while elastomeric couplings may have preloaded elastomeric elements. Precision couplings like zero-backlash or torsionally rigid couplings are engineered to eliminate or minimize backlash for applications requiring high accuracy and responsiveness.
When selecting a coupling, it’s essential to consider the application’s specific requirements regarding precision, speed, reversing loads, and misalignment compensation, as these factors will determine the acceptable level of backlash for optimal performance.
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What is a Shaft Coupling and Its Role in Mechanical Power Transmission?
A shaft coupling is a mechanical device used to connect two shafts together at their ends, allowing for the transmission of mechanical power from one shaft to another. It serves as an essential component in various machinery and industrial applications where rotational motion needs to be transmitted between two shafts that are not perfectly aligned or are separated by a distance.
The role of a shaft coupling in mechanical power transmission includes the following:
1. Power Transmission:
The primary function of a shaft coupling is to transmit power from a driving shaft to a driven shaft. When the driving shaft rotates, the coupling transfers the rotational motion to the driven shaft, enabling the driven equipment to perform its intended function.
2. Misalignment Compensation:
In real-world applications, it is often challenging to achieve perfect alignment between two shafts due to manufacturing tolerances or dynamic conditions. Shaft couplings are designed to accommodate different types of misalignment, such as angular, parallel, and axial misalignment, allowing the equipment to function smoothly even when the shafts are not perfectly aligned.
3. Vibration Damping:
Shaft couplings can help dampen vibrations and shocks caused by uneven loads or sudden changes in the operating conditions. This vibration damping feature protects the connected components from damage and contributes to the overall system’s reliability.
4. Overload Protection:
In some cases, a shaft coupling can act as a safety device by providing overload protection. When the connected machinery experiences excessive torque or shock loads, certain types of couplings can disengage or shear to prevent damage to the equipment.
5. Torque and Speed Conversion:
Shaft couplings can be designed to provide torque and speed conversion between the driving and driven shafts. This allows for adaptation to different operating conditions and varying torque requirements in the connected machinery.
6. Flexible Connection:
Shaft couplings with flexible elements, such as elastomeric inserts or flexible discs, provide a flexible connection that can absorb shocks and misalignments. This flexibility helps reduce stress on the connected equipment and extends its lifespan.
Overall, shaft couplings are essential components in mechanical power transmission systems, enabling the efficient transfer of rotational motion between shafts while accommodating misalignments and providing protection against overloads and vibrations. The selection of the appropriate coupling type and design depends on the specific requirements of the application, including the type of misalignment, torque capacity, and operating conditions.
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editor by CX 2023-09-04
China wholesaler Stainless Steel Coupling Gear Rigid Roller Chain Fluid Tyre Grid Jaw Spider HRC Nm Motor Flange Gear Pump Rubber Spline Shaft Flexible Universal Joint Coupling
Product Description
Stainless Steel Coupling Gear Rigid Roller Chain Fluid Tyre Grid Jaw Spider HRC Nm Motor Flange Gear Pump Rubber Spline Shaft Flexible Universal Joint Coupling
Product Description
Main products
Coupling refers to a device that connects 2 shafts or shafts and rotating parts, rotates together during the transmission of motion and power, and does not disengage under normal conditions. Sometimes it is also used as a safety device to prevent the connected parts from bearing excessive load, which plays the role of overload protection.
Couplings can be divided into rigid couplings and flexible couplings.
Rigid couplings do not have buffering property and the ability to compensate the relative displacement of 2 axes. It is required that the 2 axes be strictly aligned. However, such couplings are simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost, convenient in assembly and disassembly, and maintenance, which can ensure that the 2 axes are relatively neutral, have large transmission torque, and are widely used. Commonly used are flange coupling, sleeve coupling and jacket coupling.
Flexible coupling can also be divided into flexible coupling without elastic element and flexible coupling with elastic element. The former type only has the ability to compensate the relative displacement of 2 axes, but cannot cushion and reduce vibration. Common types include slider coupling, gear coupling, universal coupling and chain coupling; The latter type contains elastic elements. In addition to the ability to compensate the relative displacement of 2 axes, it also has the functions of buffering and vibration reduction. However, due to the strength of elastic elements, the transmitted torque is generally inferior to that of flexible couplings without elastic elements. Common types include elastic sleeve pin couplings, elastic pin couplings, quincunx couplings, tire type couplings, serpentine spring couplings, spring couplings, etc
Coupling performance
1) Mobility. The movability of the coupling refers to the ability to compensate the relative displacement of 2 rotating components. Factors such as manufacturing and installation errors between connected components, temperature changes during operation and deformation under load all put CZPT requirements for mobility. The movable performance compensates or alleviates the additional load between shafts, bearings, couplings and other components caused by the relative displacement between rotating components.
(2) Buffering. For the occasions where the load is often started or the working load changes, the coupling shall be equipped with elastic elements that play the role of cushioning and vibration reduction to protect the prime mover and the working machine from little or no damage.
(3) Safe, reliable, with sufficient strength and service life.
(4) Simple structure, easy to assemble, disassemble and maintain.
How to select the appropriate coupling type
The following items should be considered when selecting the coupling type.
1. The size and nature of the required transmission torque, the requirements for buffering and damping functions, and whether resonance may occur.
2. The relative displacement of the axes of the 2 shafts is caused by manufacturing and assembly errors, shaft load and thermal expansion deformation, and relative movement between components.
3. Permissible overall dimensions and installation methods, and necessary operating space for assembly, adjustment and maintenance. For large couplings, they should be able to be disassembled without axial movement of the shaft.
In addition, the working environment, service life, lubrication, sealing, economy and other conditions should also be considered, and a suitable coupling type should be selected by referring to the characteristics of various couplings.
If you cannot determine the type, you can contact our professional engineer
Related products
Company Profile
Our Equipments
Main production equipment:
Large lathe, surface grinder, milling machine, gear shaper, spline milling machine, horizontal broaching machine, gear hobbing machine, shaper, slotting machine, bench drilling machine, radial drilling machine, boring machine, band sawing machine, horizontal lathe, end milling machine, crankshaft grinder, CNC milling machine, casting equipment, etc.
Inspection equipment:
Dynamic balance tester, high-speed intelligent carbon and sulfur analyzer, Blochon optical hardness tester, Leeb hardness tester, magnetic yoke flaw detector, special detection, modular fixture (self-made), etc.
Machining equipments
Heat equipment
Our Factory
Application – Photos from our partner customers
Company Profile
Our leading products are mechanical transmission basic parts – couplings, mainly including universal couplings, drum gear couplings, elastic couplings and other 3 categories of more than 30 series of varieties. It is widely used in metallurgical steel rolling, wind power, hydropower, mining, engineering machinery, petrochemical, lifting, paper making, rubber, rail transit, shipbuilding and marine engineering and other industries.
Our factory takes the basic parts of national standards as the benchmark, has more than 40 years of coupling production experience, takes “scientific management, pioneering and innovation, ensuring quality and customer satisfaction” as the quality policy, and aims to continuously provide users with satisfactory products and services. The production is guided by reasonable process, and the ISO9001:2015 quality management system standard is strictly implemented. We adhere to the principle of continuous improvement and innovation of coupling products. In recent years, it has successfully developed 10 national patent products such as SWF cross shaft universal coupling, among which the double cross shaft universal joint has won the national invention patent, SWF cross shaft universal coupling has won the new product award of China’s general mechanical parts coupling industry and the ZHangZhoug Province new product science and technology project.
Our factory has strong technical force, excellent process equipment, complete professional production equipment, perfect detection means, excellent after-sales service, various products and complete specifications. At the same time, we can provide the design and manufacturing of special non-standard products according to the needs of users. Our products sell well at home and abroad, and are trusted by the majority of users. We sincerely welcome friends from all walks of life at home and abroad to visit and negotiate for common development.p
Common Industries and Use Cases for Rigid Shaft Couplings
Rigid shaft couplings find applications in various industries where precise and torque-resistant shaft connections are required. Some of the common industries that use rigid shaft couplings include:
- Manufacturing: Rigid shaft couplings are widely used in manufacturing machinery, such as lathes, milling machines, and CNC equipment, to provide rigid and accurate power transmission.
- Robotics: Robots and robotic arms often use rigid shaft couplings to ensure precise motion and synchronization between motors and actuators.
- Aerospace: In aerospace applications, rigid couplings are used in aircraft engines, landing gear systems, and control surfaces.
- Automotive: Rigid couplings are utilized in automotive powertrains and drivetrains to transmit torque efficiently and withstand high loads.
- Marine: Marine propulsion systems and shipboard equipment often employ rigid shaft couplings for reliable torque transmission in challenging environments.
- Packaging: Packaging machinery relies on rigid couplings to achieve accurate and synchronized movements in filling, sealing, and labeling operations.
- Steel and Metal Processing: Rigid shaft couplings are essential in steel mills and metal processing equipment to handle heavy loads and maintain precision.
- Printing and Paper: Printing presses and paper handling machinery use rigid couplings to ensure precise registration and consistent operation.
- Mining and Construction: Mining equipment and construction machinery utilize rigid couplings for robust power transmission in harsh environments.
- Energy and Utilities: In power generation plants and utilities, rigid couplings are employed in pumps, compressors, and turbines.
Rigid shaft couplings are versatile and can be found in numerous other industries where precise and efficient power transmission is critical for smooth operation and high-performance machinery.
Are there any safety considerations when using rigid shaft couplings in critical applications?
Yes, when using rigid shaft couplings in critical applications, several safety considerations should be taken into account:
- Torsional Stiffness: Rigid couplings have high torsional stiffness, which can lead to increased stresses and potential failures in the connected equipment. Proper analysis of torsional vibrations and stiffness compatibility with the connected components is crucial.
- Shaft Alignment: Inaccurate shaft alignment can lead to additional loads on the coupling and connected machinery. Precision alignment is essential to prevent premature wear, increased stress, and potential breakdowns.
- Overloading: Exceeding the rated torque capacity of the coupling can result in sudden failures and damage to machinery. It’s essential to operate within the coupling’s specified limits to ensure safe operation.
- Maintenance: Regular inspection and maintenance are critical to identify signs of wear, fatigue, or misalignment. Neglecting maintenance can lead to unexpected failures and safety hazards.
- Environmental Factors: Harsh environments, extreme temperatures, and corrosive substances can impact the integrity of rigid couplings. Choosing appropriate materials and protective measures can mitigate these effects.
For critical applications, it’s recommended to work closely with experienced engineers, perform thorough risk assessments, and follow industry standards and best practices to ensure the safe and reliable use of rigid shaft couplings.
What are the Materials Commonly Used to Manufacture Rigid Shaft Couplings, and How Do They Impact Performance?
Rigid shaft couplings are typically made from a variety of materials, and the choice of material can significantly impact the performance of the coupling in specific applications. Some common materials used in manufacturing rigid shaft couplings include:
- Steel: Steel is one of the most commonly used materials for rigid shaft couplings. It offers excellent strength and durability, making it suitable for high-torque and heavy-duty applications. Steel couplings can withstand significant stresses and provide reliable torque transmission.
- Stainless Steel: Stainless steel couplings offer the same benefits as regular steel couplings but with the added advantage of corrosion resistance. They are commonly used in applications where the coupling may be exposed to harsh environments or moisture.
- Aluminum: Aluminum couplings are lightweight and have good corrosion resistance. They are often used in applications where weight reduction is essential, such as in aerospace and automotive industries.
- Brass: Brass couplings are known for their excellent machinability and corrosion resistance. They are commonly used in applications where electrical conductivity is required.
- Cast Iron: Cast iron couplings are robust and offer good resistance to wear and tear. They are commonly used in industrial machinery and equipment.
The choice of material depends on various factors, including the application’s operating conditions, such as torque requirements, temperature, and environmental conditions. For example, in high-torque applications, steel or stainless steel couplings are often preferred due to their high strength. On the other hand, aluminum couplings are favored in applications where weight reduction is critical.
It is essential to consider the specific needs of the application and the coupling’s material properties to ensure optimal performance, longevity, and reliability of the rigid shaft coupling.
editor by CX 2023-08-22
China Professional CZPT Car Parts Drive Shaft Flex Joint Wholesale Auto Spare Parts 1J0521127A Driveshaft Coupling Front Propeller Shaft Flex Disc VW Golf Tiguan Audi A3 Q3
Product Description
SENP 1J57127A Original Quality Drive Shaft Flex Joint
|
Product Type |
Drive Shaft Flex Joint |
|
OE No. |
1J57127A |
|
Suitable for |
For VW Golf Tiguan Audi A3 Q3 |
|
Weight |
1.5 kgs |
|
Brand |
SENP |
|
Certification |
ISO9001 |
|
MOQ |
1 PC |
|
Packing |
SENP packing, neutral packing, client’s packing |
|
Warranty |
24 months / 80000km |
|
Payment term |
T/T, Paypal, Western Union |
FAQ:
Q1. Where is your company?
A: Our head office are located in HangZhou City, ZheJiang Province, China(Mainland);
Q2. What is your terms of packing?
A: Generally, we pack our goods in CZPT boxes or neutral boxes.
Q3. What is your terms of payment?
A: T/T 30% as deposit, and 70% before delivery. We’ll show you the photos of the products and packages before you pay the balance.
Q4. What is your terms of delivery?
A: EXW, FOB.
Q5. How about your delivery time?
A: Generally, it will take about 20 days after receiving your deposit. The specific delivery time depends on the items and the quantity of your order.
Q6. Can you produce according to the samples?
A: Yes, we can produce by your samples or technical drawings. We can build the molds and fixtures.
Q7. What is your sample policy?
A: We can supply the sample if we have ready parts in stock, but the customers have to pay the sample cost and the courier cost.
Q8. Do you test all your goods before delivery?
A: Yes, we have 100% test before delivery.
Q9. How do you make our business long-term and good relationship?
A: 1. We keep good quality and competitive price to ensure our customers’ benefit;
2. We respect every customer as our friend and we sincerely do business and make friends with them, no matter where they come from.
Specific Safety Precautions When Working with Shaft Couplings
Working with shaft couplings involves handling rotating machinery and mechanical components. To ensure the safety of personnel and prevent accidents, specific safety precautions should be followed during installation, maintenance, and operation:
1. Lockout-Tagout (LOTO):
Prior to any work on machinery involving couplings, implement a lockout-tagout procedure to isolate the equipment from its power source. This ensures that the machinery cannot be accidentally energized during maintenance or repair, protecting workers from potential hazards.
2. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including safety goggles, gloves, and appropriate clothing, when working with shaft couplings. PPE helps protect against potential hazards such as flying debris, sharp edges, or contact with moving parts.
3. Proper Training and Supervision:
Only trained and authorized personnel should work with shaft couplings. Ensure that workers have the necessary knowledge and experience to handle the equipment safely. Adequate supervision may be required, especially for less-experienced personnel.
4. Inspection and Maintenance:
Regularly inspect shaft couplings and associated components for signs of wear, damage, or misalignment. Address any issues promptly to prevent equipment failure and potential accidents.
5. Follow Manufacturer’s Guidelines:
Adhere to the manufacturer’s instructions and guidelines for installation, operation, and maintenance of the specific coupling model. Improper use or deviation from recommended procedures may compromise safety and void warranties.
6. Avoid Overloading:
Do not exceed the torque and speed limits specified by the coupling manufacturer. Overloading a coupling can lead to premature failure and pose safety risks to operators and nearby equipment.
7. Shaft Guards and Enclosures:
Install appropriate guards and enclosures to prevent accidental contact with rotating shafts and couplings. These safety measures help reduce the risk of entanglement and injuries.
8. Zero Energy State:
Ensure that all stored energy in the equipment, such as compressed air or hydraulic pressure, is released and the equipment is in a zero energy state before starting work.
9. Avoid Loose Clothing and Jewelry:
Remove or secure loose clothing, jewelry, and other items that could get caught in moving parts.
10. Maintain a Clean Work Area:
Keep the work area clean and free from clutter to avoid tripping hazards and facilitate safe movement around the machinery.
By following these safety precautions, personnel can minimize the risks associated with working with shaft couplings and create a safer working environment for everyone involved.
“`
How to Identify Signs of Wear or Failure in a Shaft Coupling
Regular inspection and monitoring are essential to identify signs of wear or potential failure in a shaft coupling. Detecting issues early can help prevent costly downtime and equipment damage. Here are common signs to look for:
1. Visible Damage:
Inspect the coupling for visible signs of damage, such as cracks, chips, or deformation. These can indicate mechanical stress or overload.
2. Abnormal Noise or Vibration:
Unusual noise or excessive vibration during operation may indicate misalignment, worn-out components, or a coupling nearing its failure point.
3. Increased Temperature:
If the coupling becomes noticeably hotter during operation than usual, it could be a sign of friction or misalignment issues.
4. Shaft Misalignment:
Check for misalignment between the shafts connected by the coupling. Misalignment can lead to increased stress on the coupling and its components.
5. Excessive Backlash:
If the coupling exhibits too much free play or rotational play before torque transmission, it might indicate wear or fatigue in the coupling’s components.
6. Lubrication Issues:
Inspect the coupling for lubrication leaks or insufficient lubrication, which can lead to increased friction and wear.
7. Elastomeric Element Deterioration:
If the coupling uses elastomeric elements (e.g., rubber or polyurethane), check for signs of deterioration, such as cracking, softening, or deformation.
8. Bolts and Fasteners:
Examine the bolts and fasteners connecting the coupling components. Loose or damaged bolts can lead to misalignment and coupling failure.
9. Age and Service Life:
Consider the age and service life of the coupling. If it has been in use for a long time or exceeds the manufacturer’s recommended service life, it may be more susceptible to wear and failure.
10. Abnormal Performance:
Monitor the overall performance of the connected equipment. Any abnormal behavior, such as reduced power transmission or erratic operation, could be indicative of coupling issues.
If any of these signs are observed, it’s crucial to take immediate action. Depending on the severity of the issue, this may involve replacing worn components, realigning the shafts, or replacing the entire coupling. Regular maintenance and periodic inspections are key to identifying these signs early and ensuring the coupling operates optimally and safely.
“`
Best Practices for Installing a Shaft Coupling for Optimal Performance
Proper installation of a shaft coupling is crucial for ensuring optimal performance and preventing premature wear or failure. Follow these best practices to install a shaft coupling correctly:
1. Shaft Alignment:
Ensure that both the driving and driven shafts are properly aligned before installing the coupling. Misalignment can lead to increased stress on the coupling and other connected components, reducing efficiency and causing premature wear. Use alignment tools, such as dial indicators or laser alignment systems, to achieve accurate shaft alignment.
2. Cleanliness:
Before installation, clean the shaft ends and the coupling bore thoroughly. Remove any dirt, debris, or residue that could interfere with the coupling’s fit or cause misalignment.
3. Lubrication:
Apply the recommended lubricant to the coupling’s contact surfaces, such as the bore and shaft ends. Proper lubrication ensures smooth installation and reduces friction during operation.
4. Correct Fit:
Ensure that the coupling is the correct size and type for the application. Use couplings with the appropriate torque and speed ratings to match the equipment’s requirements.
5. Fastening:
Use the recommended fastening methods, such as set screws or keyways, to securely attach the coupling to the shafts. Make sure the fasteners are tightened to the manufacturer’s specifications to prevent loosening during operation.
6. Spacer or Adapter:
If required, use a spacer or adapter to properly position the coupling on the shafts and maintain the desired distance between the driving and driven components.
7. Avoid Shaft Damage:
Be careful during installation to avoid damaging the shaft ends, especially when using set screws or other fastening methods. Shaft damage can lead to stress concentrations and eventual failure.
8. Check Runout:
After installation, check the coupling’s runout using a dial indicator to ensure that it rotates smoothly and without wobbling. Excessive runout can indicate misalignment or improper fit.
9. Periodic Inspection:
Regularly inspect the coupling and its components for signs of wear, misalignment, or damage. Perform routine maintenance as recommended by the manufacturer to prevent issues from worsening over time.
10. Follow Manufacturer’s Guidelines:
Always follow the manufacturer’s installation instructions and guidelines. Different types of couplings may have specific installation requirements that need to be adhered to for optimal performance and safety.
By following these best practices, you can ensure that your shaft coupling is installed correctly, maximizing its efficiency and reliability in your mechanical power transmission system.
“`
editor by CX 2023-08-08
China OEM SWC Bh Universal Joint Shaft Cardan Coupling for Industrial Equipments coupling bushing
Product Description
SWC BH Universal Joint Shaft Cardan Coupling For Industrial Equipments
Product Description
| structure | Type A | Flexible or Rigid | Rigid | Standard or Nonstandard | / |
| Material | Alloy steel | Brand name | HangZhou XIHU (WEST LAKE) DIS. | Place of origin | ZheJiang ,China |
| Model | SWC BH | Raw materials | heat treatment | Length | depend on model |
| Flange DIA | 58mm-620mm | Nominal torque | depend on model | coating | heavy duty industrial paint |
| Paint clour | customization | Application | Industrial application | OEM/ODM | Available |
| Certification | ISO,TUV,SGS | Price | calculate according to model | Custom service | Available |
Packaging & Delivery
Packaging details:Standard plywood case
Delivery detail: 15 -20 working days,depend on the actual produce condition
FAQ
Q: Are you trading company or manufacturer ?
A: We are a professional manufacturer specializing in manufacturing cardan shafts. We supply cardan shafts for the wholesalers , dealers and end-users from different countries.
Q: Can you do OEM? And what is your min order ?
A: Yes, absolutely. Generally, min order is1 set. Most of our products are Customized. Each order from our factory, we always produce cardan shaft after customer confirmed the drawing. So we didn’t have stock.
Q: How does your factory do regarding quality control?
A:Quality is priority! We always attach great importance to quality controlling from the very beginning to the end:
1) Firstly, we have QC department to control the quality
2) Secondly, we have all detailed records for nonconformity products, then we will make summary according to these records, avoid it happen again.
3) Thirdly,In order to meet world-class quality standards strict requirements, we passed the SGS, TUV product certification.
4)Fourthly,Have first-class production equipment, including CNC Machines and machining center.
WHY CHOOSE US
| Material: | Alloy Steel |
|---|---|
| Load: | Drive Shaft |
| Stiffness & Flexibility: | Stiffness / Rigid Axle |
| Journal Diameter Dimensional Accuracy: | IT6-IT9 |
| Axis Shape: | Straight Shaft |
| Shaft Shape: | Hollow Axis |
| Customization: |
Available
| Customized Request |
|---|
Understanding the Different Types of Couplings
A coupling is a device that joins two rotating shafts together. It transmits power from one to the other and is designed to allow some amount of end-movement and misalignment. It is a simple mechanism that is extremely common in many industries. Learn more about couplings in this article.
Flexible coupling
When choosing the correct flexible coupling for your application, there are several factors to consider. One of the most important factors is backlash, which is the amount of rotational play introduced by moving parts. Other factors to consider include lubrication and accessibility for maintenance. Choosing the right flexible coupling can be challenging, but it is possible to find the right fit for your specific application.
A flexible coupling is an excellent choice for applications that require high alignment accuracy, which is essential for reliable system performance. These couplings can compensate for angular and parallel misalignment, ensuring proper positioning between the driving and driven shafts. In addition, flexible couplings are more affordable than most traditional couplings.
The most common flexible coupling is the elastomeric type, which uses a resilient material to transmit torque. These couplings can be made of plastic or rubber. In either case, they can be relatively lightweight compared to other types of couplings. Elastomeric couplings can also be used for high-speed applications.
Another important factor to consider when selecting the best Flexible Coupling is the pipe you’re connecting. Some couplings are easier to install than others, and some even have tapered edges to make them slide easily on the pipe. Regardless of the choice you make, it’s crucial to remember that proper installation is critical for reliability and safety.
CZPT coupling
An CZPT coupling is a flexible, mechanical coupling that features a high degree of angular misalignment and eccentricity. They are available in different lengths, with MOL being the longest. They are ideal for applications that involve high parallel misalignment, limited assembly access, electrical insulation, and other conditions.
CZPT couplings are a versatile type of coupling, and they are often used to connect parallel shafts. They work by transmitting torque from one to the other using the same speed and rotation mechanism. They are available in various materials, including aluminum, brass, and polymers. In addition, they can work under high temperatures.
One of the main benefits of using an CZPT coupling is the fact that it does not require the use of a gearbox. These couplings are flexible, and their design allows them to cope with misalignment problems that may occur in power transmission applications. They are also able to absorb shock.
Another advantage of CZPT couplings is that they are suitable for systems with low-to-medium amounts of shaft misalignment. Because their friction is limited to the surface of the hubs, they are able to accommodate low bearing loads. CZPT couplings can also be used in systems with limited shaft access, since the disks are easily removed.
Clamped coupling
Clamped couplings are designed to provide a high-strength connection between two objects. A standard coupling has two parts: a nipple and a clamp sleeve. Each part is designed in such a way as to cooperate with each other. The sleeve and clamp are made of rubber. A reinforcing braid is often used to protect the exposed steel braid from rusting.
PIC Design provides a wide variety of standard clamping couplings for many different industries. These include medical, dental, military, laboratory, and precision industrial control equipment. They have a simple design that makes them ideal for these applications. Clamped couplings are also available for custom manufacturing. These couplings are available in metric, inch, and Metric.
The most common type of clamp coupling is a hose clamp. This type of coupling is used to connect two hoses or piping units. It consists of two conical binding sleeves that fit into the ends of the two parts. The coupling is then tightened with a screwdriver. It’s a versatile coupling because it allows two piping units or hoses to be joined together.
Another type of clamp coupling is the two-piece clamp coupling. The two-piece design allows for a quick and easy installation. Unlike other types of couplings, the clamp coupling is not necessary to remove the bearings before installing it. Its keyway is designed with shims in place so that it fits over the shaft. These couplings are available in different sizes, and they are made of steel or dutile iron.
Helicoidal coupling
Helicoidal coupling is a form of nonlinear coupling between two molecules. It occurs when the molecules in a double helix are subjected to oscillations. These oscillations can occur either in the right or left-handed direction. These oscillations are called solitons. Helicoidal coupling can provide quantitative or qualitative support to a structure, such as an electron.
Split Muff coupling
The Split-Muff Coupling market report provides detailed market analysis and key insights. The study covers the market size, segmentation, growth and sales forecast. It also examines key factors driving the market growth and limiting its development. The report also covers current trends and vendor landscapes. Therefore, you can get a deep understanding of the Split-Muff Coupling industry and make the right business decisions.
The report also provides data on the competitive landscape and the latest product and technology innovations. It also provides information on market size, production and income. It also covers the impact of the COVID-19 regulations. The market report is a valuable resource for companies looking to expand their businesses, or to improve existing ones.
In terms of application, Split-Muff Couplings can be used in light to medium duty applications. They are shaped like a semi-cylindrical disc that fits over a shaft. Both parts are threaded for assembly and disassembly. It can be disassembled easily and quickly, and can be used for medium to heavy-duty applications with moderate speeds.
Split Muff couplings are the most popular type of couplings for transferring wet and abrasive materials. Their flanged end fits on most major brands of smooth material muff hoses. In addition, this type of coupling is corrosion-resistant and easy to install. It also does not require any adjustments to the drive shaft’s position.
Flexible beam coupling
The Flexible beam coupling is one of the most popular types of couplings in the industry. It is comprised of two sets of parallel coils separated by a solid member, and it offers a wide range of torsional stiffness. These couplings are made of aluminum alloy or stainless steel. They offer excellent flexibility and are less expensive than many other types of couplings. They also require zero maintenance and can tolerate shaft misalignment.
Beam couplings are categorized into two types: helical and axial. The former is characterized by a high degree of flexibility, while the latter is used to compensate for higher misalignment. Both types are suitable for small torque applications and are available in a wide range of shaft sizes.
Flexible beam couplings are available in metric and US sizes, and feature a variety of options. They feature stainless steel or aluminum materials and are highly durable and corrosion-resistant. They also offer high torque capacities and excellent fatigue resistance. Flexible beam couplings are available with a wide range of options to meet your unique application needs.
editor by CX 2023-05-31
Best Cost made in China – replacement parts – PTO shaft manufacturer & factory Agricultural drive shaft constant velocity joint boot Self Propelled Garden Watering Corn Boom Sprayer Equipment with ce certificate top quality low price
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3WPZ-1200G sort self propelled spray boom sprayer
3WPZ-1200G series of sprayer is appropriate for spraying the medicament for the planter of bean, corn, cotton, grain.
Also for garden,fruiter,vegetable, street aspect tree. The capacity could be 1200L, the spraying width could be 13.1-16m with 53hp.
Rewards:
•This sort of increase sprayer is a tractor mounted sprayer.
•Wide doing work scope,spraying for bean,cotton,corn and so forth.
•Wide spraying with to be 16m max.and the operating angle of this tractor sprayer could be modified.
•The ability of mounted growth sprayer could be modified to meet up with diverse need from the person.
| Model | 3WPZ-1200G self-propelled spray increase sprayer | Pump Type | Plunger pump |
| Engine Product | 4L68 (Changchai) turbocharged EPT motor | Pump Model | OS-5200 |
| Power / Speed | 53 hp 2400r / min | Pump Stress | 0-45kgf/cm² |
| Displacement Degree | China III | Pump Circulation | 220-240L / Min |
| Gear | Forward gear 4,reverse gear 1 | Pump Speed | 600-800r / min |
| Drive Mode | Four-wheel generate | Tank Capacity | 1500L |
| Steering Manner | Hydraulic steering | Spray Top | 0.5-3. m |
| Mixing Technique | Circulating water mixing | Nozzle Model | No.three |
| Folding Technique | Hydraulic folding | Spray Angle | 110° |
| Spray Width | 16 m | Nozzle Flow | 1.2L / min |
| Vertical Top | 1.8 m(customizable) | System Work Stress | 0.3-.5Mpa |
| Wheel Monitor | 1.95-2.6 m(adjustable) | 3 Filtration Technique | Tank inlet, pump inlet, nozzle |
| Operating Performance | 21-30 acres / hour | Battery | 12v / 120AH |
| Walking Pace | ≤25Km / h | Front Tire Model | Tractor tires 9.5-24 |
| Overall Dimension | 5800 mm x 2900 mm x 3700 mm | Rear Tire Model | Tractor tires 9.5-24 |
| Weight | 3811Kg | Water Tank | 15L |
Q:Are you a factory or trading business?
A:We are a factory.
Q: How does your factory do with regards to high quality manage?
A: Quality is priority. we often say fantastic importance to good quality managing from the really starting to the extremely finish.
Q: Do you have a merchandise accent?
A: Yes, we have the accessories of the solution.
Q:Can you customize the item?
A:We can customize the item.
Q: What’s your payment terms?
A: Payment terms is T/T or L/C,We accept all reasonable payment.
Q: How about delivery time of your machine?
A: The delivery time is in 60 working days. It depending your quantity.
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We – EPG Group the largest agricultural gearbox and pto manufacturing unit in China with five distinct branches. For more details: Cell/whatsapp/telegram/Kakao us at: 0086-13083988828
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| Product | Output (kg) | Power (hp) | Pellet (mm) | Fuel intake (L/H) | Packing dimension (mm) |
Excess weight (kg) |
| 200D | 100-120 | fifteen hp | six,8 | two.3 | 1250*650*1200 | 450 |
| 250D | one hundred fifty-200 | 22 hp | 3.36 | 1300*seven hundred*1300 | 650 | |
| 300D | 250-350 | 32 hp | six,8,10 | four.ten | 1650*750*1400 | 800 |
| 350D | three hundred-five hundred | 42 hp | 5.88 | 800*seven-hundred*1200 1350*1100*1100 |
950 |
Item Introduction:
one. Our EPT pellet machine can generate wooden pellet and feedstuff pellet. It may possibly also be applicable to organic fertilizer for minimal-temperature granulation. EPT Generate Pellet Mill is suitable for massive farms and natural and organic organic medicine and chemical market, and so on.
2. The uncooked materials of the EPT wooden pellet device: wood sawdust, rice husk, straw, bamboo power, cotton stalk, cottonseed skins, weeds, crop stalks and other pl EPT wastes, specifically lower-bonding and unformed materials.
three. The moisture of uncooked materia EPT must be less than national stHangZhourd of 13%. If not, the uncooked materials need to be dried.
Features
- Adopt high precision gear drive. Output is 20% larger than that of belt drive.
- Advanced bearing and oil seal guarantee an efficient and stable working process.
- Feeding device adopts frequency conversion motor, ensuring continuous and even feeding.
- Different size of diameter for pellet gap makes various sizes of pellets possible.
- Flexible coupling shaft with novel structure ensures a stable pelletizing process and low break-down possibility.
- Permanent magnet device can remove impurities in the pelletizing process.
Working Principle:
After grinding and drying process, the materials will be sent into feeding device and mixed in the conditione,Then they are forced into the pelletizing chamber by the imperative feeder. In the chamber, materia EPT will be squeezed between the rollers and die to be foremed into cylinder shape pellets. and then the cutting
knives will cut the pellets into specified size even though the pellets are extruded.
Relevant scope
This devices are powered by EPT engine. It is mainly employed to compress crushed sawdust, straw ,hay, soya, corn, stalk ,bamboo powder, rice husk, seed pores and skin, peanuts shell clover, cotton seed Husk cotton/
corn/sunflower stalk.and so forth all types of powder materia EPT into cylindrical form particles(pellet) for the fuel.
Closing Wooden Pellets:
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We – EPG Group the largest agricultural gearbox and pto manufacturing unit in China with five different branches. For more specifics: Cellular/whatsapp/telegram/Kakao us at: 0086-13083988828
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SWZ BF Type Cardan Shaft(JB/T3242-1993)
Cardan shaft is broadly utilised in rolling mill, punch, straightener, crusher, ship push,paper generating gear, common machinery, water pump tools,check bench and other mechanical programs.
·Mark illustration:
Tactical diameter D=260mm,Installation size(L)=1650mm,BF type cardan shaft
SWZ260BF×1650 Coupling JB/T3242-93
·SWZ BF Cardan Shaft Fundamental Parameter And Main Dimension(JB/T3242-1993)
| Sort | Tactical diameter D mm |
Nominal torque Tn kN·m |
Fatique torque Tf kN·m |
Axis angle β (°) |
Stretch size S mm |
Dimension(mm) | Rotary inertia kg·m2 |
Mass kg |
|||||||||||
| Lmin | Lm | Done |
Dtwo H7 |
D3 | k | t | b h9 |
h | n-d | Lmin | Boost 100mm |
Lmin | Increase 100mm |
||||||
| SWZ160BF | a hundred and sixty | 18 | nine | ≤10 | seventy five | 980 | a hundred and twenty | 138 | ninety five | 114 | fifteen | five | twenty | 6 | 8-thirteen | .244 | .008 | 96 | 3.02 |
| SWZ190BF | a hundred ninety | 31.5 | sixteen | ≤10 | 80 | 1090 | 135 | one hundred sixty five | a hundred and fifteen | 133 | seventeen | five | 25 | seven | eight-15 | .539 | .015 | one hundred fifty | 4.11 |
| SWZ220BF | 220 | 45 | 22 | ≤10 | one hundred | 1260 | one hundred fifty five | a hundred ninety | 130 | 159 | 20 | six | 32 | 9 | eight-seventeen | one.151 | .031 | 238 | five.ninety six |
| SWZ260BF | 260 | 80 | forty | ≤10 | one hundred fifteen | 1420 | one hundred eighty | 228 | a hundred and fifty five | 194 | twenty five | six | forty | twelve.5 | 8-19 | two.672 | .061 | 388 | seven.82 |
| SWZ300BF | three hundred | a hundred twenty five | 63 | ≤10 | one hundred twenty | 1600 | 215 | 260 | 180 | 219 | thirty | 7 | forty | fifteen | ten-23 | 5.312 | .095 | 574 | 9.37 |
| SWZ350BF | 350 | two hundred | a hundred | ≤10 | a hundred thirty | 1760 | 235 | 310 | 210 | 273 | 35 | 8 | fifty | 16 | ten-23 | eleven.649 | .216 | 908 | thirteen.62 |
| SWZ400BF | 400 | 280 | 140 | ≤10 | one hundred forty five | 2040 | 270 | 358 | 240 | 299 | 40 | eight | 70 | eighteen | 10-twenty five | 21.870 | .347 | 1329 | eighteen.72 |
| SWZ425BF | 425 | 355 | a hundred and eighty | ≤10 | 145 | 2150 | 295 | 376 | 255 | 325 | 42 | ten | eighty | twenty | 16-28 | 30.548 | .432 | 1615 | 19.eighteen |
| SWZ450BF | 450 | 450 | 224 | ≤10 | 185 | 2300 | 300 | 400 | 270 | 351 | forty four | ten | 80 | twenty | sixteen-28 | 41.310 | .586 | 1959 | 22.31 |
| SWZ500BF | 500 | 600 | 315 | ≤10 | two hundred | 2600 | 340 | 445 | 300 | 377 | 47 | twelve | ninety | 22.5 | sixteen-31 | 68.419 | .854 | 2658 | 28.76 |
| SWZ550BF | 550 | 800 | 400 | ≤10 | 210 | 2670 | 355 | 492 | 320 | 426 | 50 | twelve | a hundred | 22.five | 16-31 | 106.80 | one.272 | 3384 | 32.87 |
·Be aware:1.Tf-Torque authorized by fatigue strength underneath varible load
2.Lmin-Minimum length after shortening
3.L-Installation size as essential
♦Product Present
♦Other Products Record
| Transmission Machinery Components Title |
Product |
| Universal Coupling | WS,WSD,WSP |
| Cardan Shaft | SWC,SWP,SWZ |
| Tooth Coupling | CL,CLZ,GCLD,GIICL, GICL,NGCL,GGCL,GCLK |
| Disc Coupling | JMI,JMIJ,JMII,JMIIJ |
| Substantial Adaptable Coupling | LM |
| Chain Coupling | GL |
| Jaw Coupling | LT |
| Grid Coupling | JS |
♦Our Company
Our company supplies distinct sorts of goods. Large quality and sensible value. We stick to the principle of “good quality 1st, provider 1st, constant advancement and innovation to meet up with the clients” for the administration and “zero defect, zero issues” as the good quality goal. To EPT our provider, we give the items with very good top quality at the reasonable price.
Welcome to personalize items from our manufacturing unit and please provide your design drawings or contact us if you need to have other requirements.
♦Our Providers
one.Layout Services
Our design group has experience in cardan shaft relating to merchandise design and improvement. If you have any needs for your new item or wish to make additional advancements, we are right here to provide our support.
2.Merchandise Services
raw materia EPT → Reducing → Forging →Rough machining →Shot blasting →Heat treatment method →Testing →Fashioning →Cleaning→ Assembly→Packing→Shipping
3.Samples Process
We could build the sample in accordance to your requirement and amend the sample continuously to meet up with your need to have.
four.Investigation & Advancement
We generally study the new demands of the market and create the new product when there is new automobiles in the industry.
five.Top quality Handle
Each action need to be EPT take a look at by Skilled Personnel in accordance to the stHangZhourd of ISO9001 and TS16949.
♦FAQ
Q 1: Are you investing organization or producer?
A: We are a professional producer specializing in manufacturing
numerous sequence of couplings.
Q 2:Can you do OEM?
Of course, we can. We can do OEM & ODM for all the buyers with personalized artworks of PDF or AI format.
Q 3:How extended is your supply time?
Typically it is twenty-thirty times if the items are not in inventory. It is according to quantity.
Q 4: Do you offer samples ? Is it cost-free or extra ?
Indeed, we could offer the sample but not for cost-free.Actually we have a very great value theory, when you make the bulk purchase then cost of sample will be deducted.
Q 5: How long is your guarantee?
A: Our Guarantee is 12 month below regular circumstance.
Q 6: What is the MOQ?
A:Generally our MOQ is 1pcs.
Q 7: Do you have inspection techniques for coupling ?
A:a hundred% self-inspection before packing.
Q 8: Can I have a pay a visit to to your manufacturing facility just before the get?
A: Sure,welcome to pay a visit to our manufacturing unit.
Q 9: What’s your payment?
A:1) T/T. two) L/C
♦Contact Us
Internet:
Incorporate: No.1 HangZhou Street,Chengnan park,HangZhou Metropolis,ZheJiang Province,China